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孔家遠祖 Our Ancestry
作者:孔宪章    来源:本站原创    点击数:   更新时间:2007年02月27日   



譯自孔家舊事談﹕孔子的遠祖 及 家族的直系遠祖,孔憲章編撰。
          (Proper nouns such as name of a person, titles, name of a book, feudal state, and places will be included as Chinese in order to keep the correct reference.   A brief note to explain may be followed immediately.  Since I do not have the reference book on standardized Pinyin, I have no choice but to use the phonetic either from the computer or from other sources.)

孔子的遠祖    The Distant Ancestors of Confucius

從來,中國人自稱為炎黃子孫。其實,我們孔子的後人,是實實在在的黃帝子孫。據《史記》記載,黃帝的兒子是玄囂,孫子是蟜極,曾孫是帝嚳,玄孫是契,(他便是商朝成湯的遠祖)。以後的直系一脈是昭明,相土,昌若,曹圉,子冥,子振。子微,報丁,報乙,報丙,主壬,主癸,天乙(他便是成湯,商朝的開國天子),太丁,太甲,太庚,太戊,河亶甲,祖乙,祖辛,祖丁,小乙,武丁,祖甲,庚丁,武乙,太丁,帝乙,微子,仲,宋公稽,丁公申,湣公熙,弗父何,宋公周,世子勝,正考父,孔父嘉,木金父,祈父,防叔,伯夏,叔梁紇,孔子。由此看來,我們不但是聖人之後,更是真正的炎黃子孫。( 炎帝便是神農氏,黃帝是軒轅氏) 。

Chinese would like to declare that we are descendants of chieftains Yan and Wong (炎黃子孫). We, the descents of Confucius, are truly the descendants of Yan and Wong too.  Per the writing in History Archive  (《史记》, a book being considered as the most authority history writing in China) Yuen Hiu  (玄囂)  was the son of Chieftain Wong;Kiu Gik  (蟜極)  his grandson, Dai Go(帝嚳)his great grandson, Kai (契) his great-great grandson and also the distant ancestor of Sing Tong  (成湯)  alias Tin Yuet (天乙), the Emperor of the Shang Dynasty  (商朝). ( From here on, please referred to names listed above until Suk Liang Yut  (叔梁紇),  father of Confucius.)  From this long listing, it shows that we are not only descendants of an outstanding ‘holy’ person, but also the real great grand children of Emperor Wong, the ancient chieftain.

 (Chieftain Yan is San Nong Si , literary known as the Supreme Lord of Herbs/ Agriculture(神農氏); Chieftain Wong is Hin Yuen Si(軒轅氏), or as Emperor Wong(黃帝), the first emperor of China.  To the Chinese history, Chieftain Wong was the first emperor; to the Westerners, Chun Chi Wong  (秦始皇) was the “First” emperor, due to the wrong interpretation and translation at the beginning.  Chun Chi Wong, a ruler about 2500 years after Chieftain Wong, was the first emperor of the Chun Dynasty only  (秦朝).  Since he declared as the Chi Wong, which also means the starting emperor, therefore, it was taken as the first emperor of China, without thoroughly understanding the Chinese history.

(Legendarily, Emperor Wong was the ruler inherited the position peacefully after Chieftain Yan. However, it was also said that Emperor Wong defeated Yan and replaced him.  Since it is an event happened in the pre-historical time, it should be a research study of scholars of that subject.  Generally it is believed that Yan was the chieftain of a primitive tribe in Qufu (曲阜), but Wong  Dai started the Chinese civilization, such as music, cultivation, transportations vehicles – boats and carriages, the famous compassed chariot, and houses.  

在外國,秦始皇被認為是中國的第一個皇帝。因為他的名號為始皇,此是初期中英直譯所誤。真實上,秦始皇是比黃帝後 2500年的君國。在此加注腳,以防在外國長大的子孫誤傳。更希望他們向外籍人士更正。

傳說上,黃帝是打敗炎帝後成為君王。也有說黃帝是繼炎帝後為君王,黃帝打敗的是蚩尤。因為是傳說,留給古史專家考正。不過,炎帝是比較原始的部落酋長,聚居在曲阜。黃帝是開始中國文明的人,如音樂,耕種,舟車 (指南車) 和宮室 (從前稱房舍為宮室,與今不同)。)


孔子的先世是出自小王室。商纣王的同父異母哥哥--- 微子啟,他便是孔子的遠祖。(商朝自仲丁遷都到囂後,改稱為殷朝。箕子、微子、比干稱為殷末的“三仁”)。西周初年,微子受封於宋國,建都於商丘。五傳至弗父何,禮讓國君的地位給他的弟弟宋厲公,自為宋國大夫(《孔子家語》)。弗父何即孔子的十世祖。從此,厲公一系便世代掌握宋國君權,維系着世襲統治;弗父何一系,成為宋國輔政的公侯貴族,保持着宋國高水平的文化素養。自此,我們的遠祖便由國君諸候,變成為貴族。弗父何以後,再三傳為正考父。正考父知書識禮,以謙厚知名。他熟悉商代文獻,曾校閱過“商之名颂” 於周太史氏。他受君王的委任,謙恭有禮,不與人爭。但他的兒子孔父嘉,情况則大為不同。孔父嘉任大司馬時(有如現代的國防部長),窮兵耀武,“十年而十一戰”,民怨沸騰。他的政敵太宰看上他年輕美貌的妻子,與他相遇,“目逆而送之,曰:"美麗艷”(《左傳》桓公二年)。太宰督假公濟私,利用國人的不滿情緒,發動政變,殺了孔父嘉。太宰督娶了他 (孔父嘉) 的妻子,放逐他的兒子,孔子的祖先便結束了世襲為大夫的貴族生涯,一落千丈,淪為平民。孔父嘉的兒子木金父逃難到魯國,居住於曲阜東昌平鄉之陬邑。子孫改姓孔氏,變成魯國人。心有餘悸的孔氏子孫,隱姓埋名,一連四代,全部都沒有名望,一直到孔子父親叔梁纥,才稍有事迹見載於史册。

The Ancestor of Confucius was originated from a minor royal family.  Mei Ji Kai(微子啟),an older brother from a different mother of Emperor Jau of Shang Dynasty (商朝纣王)  was the immediate distant ancestor. (Since after the moving of the capital to Hiu (囂)  by Emperor Jung Ding ( 仲丁 ),  Shang Dynasty  (商朝)  changed the name of the country to Yan Dynasty  (殷朝).  Gai ji  (箕子),  Mei ji and Bei Gon (比干 ),  these three brothers were known as the Gracious Three  (三仁).)      At the beginning of the Jau Dynasty  (周朝)  also known as the Western Jau (西周),  Mei Ji was installed as Duke of Sung  (宋國) , a state with the capital in Shang Yau (商丘). Five generations later, Faat Fu Hoh (弗父何 ) renounced his title in favor of his younger brother, Lord Lai , Duke of  Sung (宋厲公 ) but retaining the position as a ranking official in the dukedom. ( Per The Dialogue of the Confucius Family  (《孔子家語》), a book written during the Three Kingdoms Period by a scholar called Huang Suk (王肅), who wrote and claimed the book was based upon family notes from one of his students, Kung Meng(孔猛), the 22nd generation descendant of Confucius.  This book is very informative summarizing a lot of important writings by various authors, but the honesty of its origin as ‘the family notes’ was questioned all the time.)  Faat Fu Hoh was the ancestor ten generations prior to Confucius. From that time on, Lord Lai branch inherited the power of the lordship of Sung state, and the title was handed down from generation to generation; the Faat Fu Hoh branch became the noble ranking official but keeping the high level of cultural and moral standards.  From that time on, our distant ancestors changed from a sovereignty ruler to a noble. The third generation after Faat Fu Hoh was Jing Hau Fu (正考父 ) , a well-educated and humble person.  He was familiar with documents of the Shang Dynasty.  He prove-read the “ Psalm of the Shang Dynasty” (商之名颂) under the Grand Historian of the Jau Dynasty (周太史氏). Even after being commissioned by the ruler, Jing Hau Fu was still polite and humble, having no conflicts with others.  But his son, Kong Fu Ga (孔父嘉 )  was completely different.   When he was the Minister of Military, Kong Fu Ga favored wars, declaring military might, with a record of 11 wars by ten years.  Complains from the countryman were boiling.  His political enemy, the Prime minister, had an eye on his young and pretty wife.  Per the notation in the chapter of the second year of Lord Woon in the Book of Joh (《左傳》桓公二年), the Prime Minister met Kong Fu Ga on the way; with an evil look, the Prime minister said, ‘pretty and charming’.  Prime Minister Dok (太宰督) using the uprising complains of the country and also for his personal benefit, started a political rebellion and assassinated Kong Fu Ga. Prime Minister Dok married the wife of Kong Fu Ga and exiled his son.  The ancestor of Confucius was not only finished his nobility status as a ranking officer but also demoted as a common person.  Muk Gam Fu (木金父), son of  Kong Fu Ga found refuge in Lo, living in Chui Town (陬邑) of the East Cheung Ping County (東昌平鄉) of Qufu (曲阜).  His descendants changed their identifications, and as citizens of Lo.  Retaining a phobic of to be killed, they hided for four generations without any traceable record. It was up to the time of Suk Liang Nat (叔梁纥), there were then some records observable in the history.  

 



 
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 以下是对 [孔家遠祖 Our Ancestry] 的评论,总共:2条评论
孔志超 游客:孔志超  2009/5/1 2
当然是真的了,我们的祖先就是商汤,这个事板上钉钉的。只是后来家道中落了
德义 游客:德义  2009/3/5 1
说的是真的吗?
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