孔子生平 The Biography of Confucius
譯自孔氏宗親網﹕宗彥賢達;孔子生平;論壇主編大作。請原作者見諒。憲章謹識。
(Proper nouns such as name of a person, titles, name of a book, feudal state, and places will be included as Chinese in order to keep the correct reference. A brief note to explain may be followed immediately. Since I do not have the reference book on standardized Pinyin, I have no choice but to use the phonetic either from the computer or from other sources. Confucius is the Romanization or in Latin version of 孔夫子; Con Fu Ci means Professor Con.)
孔子生年一般按《史记·孔子世家》所记为鲁襄公二十二年,而生月生日《史记》未记,按《谷梁传》所记“十月庚子孔子生”。换算为当今之公历应为公元前551年9月8日生。
Per the information in The Noble Confucius Family recorded in the History Archive (《史记·孔子世家》, a record being considered as the most authority history writing in China), Confucius was born in the era of the 22nd year of Lord Shiang, Duke of Lo (鲁襄公) but the month and the day were not identified. Per the record of Guk Liang (《谷梁传》, a book footnoted writings about Confucius), Confucius was born in the tenth month and the gang-ji day (庚子). Therefore, his birthday should be in September 8th 551 BC.
孔子生在鲁国。鲁国为周公旦之子伯禽封地,对周代文物典籍保存完好,素有“礼乐之邦”之称。鲁襄公二十九年(前544年)吴公子季札观乐于鲁,叹为观止。鲁昭公二年(前540年)晋大夫韩宣子访鲁,观书后赞叹“周礼尽在鲁矣!”鲁国文化传统与当时学术下移的形势对孔子思想的形成有很大影响。
Confucius was born in Dukedom of Lo (鲁). Lo was a feudal state granted to Baak Kam (伯禽), son of Lord Dan, Duke of Jau (周公旦). Lo was known in keeping the culture and all documents of the Imperial Jau Dynasty (周朝) in good condition, and also the state practicing the righteous ritual and music(礼乐之邦). In the era of the 29th year of Lord Shiang, Duke of Lo, i.e. 554 BC, Sir Gwai Ja, son of Earl Wu (吴公子季札), commented that ‘the music in Lo is ultimate’. In the era of the 2nd year of Lord Chiu, Duke of Lo (鲁昭公), after reading the official records of Lo during his visit, Hon Suen Ji (韩宣子), the high-ranking officer of Jun (晋) commented that ‘the righteous ritual of the Imperial Jau Dynasty is virtually in Lo’. The ideology development of Confucius was greatly influenced by the traditional culture of Lo as well as the contemporary switching of the qualification to be a scholar.